Posts Tagged ‘How Well Do You Know Your Court-involved Nonprofits’
“NATIONAL” Nonprofits? (Centers, Initiatives, etc.) in the USA? No Such Thing. US Treasury’s CAFR explains ‘ENTITY’… [Yesterday’s (Jan. 30, 2022) post, second half]
(Revised/minor updates in early February, tags added Feb. 4).
This post is, literally, the second (bottom) half of the one I published yesterday, which was about 10,600 words, mostly text not images. Let’s call this half — well, I just did:
“NATIONAL” Nonprofits? (Centers, Initiatives, etc.) in the USA? No Such Thing. US Treasury’s CAFR explains ‘ENTITY’… [Yesterday’s (Jan. 30, 2022) post, second half]. case-sensitive short-link ends “-dvu”
The one I published yesterday:
“National Nonprofit: True or False? Wishful Thinking or Flat-Out Deception for USA-Legal domiciled Entities? […publ.Jan.30, 2022] case-sensitive short-link ends “-dgS”
PREVIEW (about 3,000 words). I have some points to make!
Reading CAFRs (Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports, compiled by governments) at any level help a person comprehend the concept of what is and is not an “entity” and governments’ usage of the word “entity.”
Many nonprofit entities use the word “national” as part of their business name. That name doesn’t make it magically “national” in any sense of the word. So many things called “National” are intended to mislead domestic and foreign (i.e., not USA) populations, when such things are even “entities.”
The label “national” is also applied across a number of websites or campaigns masquerading (by implication if not direct claim) as “entities” but which aren’t. These will also have the word “national” in their names– that is, there will be initial caps followed by a few more adjectives and, if you’re lucky, a noun of some indefinite sort: center, initiative, coalition, campaign, or almost anything else.
There’s a difference between categories of existence as some entity (government or non-government, i.e., private) and assigned or registered names of entities.
(Quick post-publication update from the world of Twitter:)
Within just two days of publishing this post (and the one before it) on this topic, I saw another website featuring “protective mothers” groups claiming an international coalition along with this one: “NationalSafeParents.org” At least two of the sponsors, judging by the logos, I know as organizations (for many years now); another promoting it is (so far as I can tell) another NONentity at a university center, another is a survivor Mom selling High-Conflict and (in general) AFCC policies, so is a second one (which I’d previously looked at, seeing its activity onTwitter).
Others seem to represent the names (and some, a nonprofit or campaign associated with) murdered young children — great for curb appeal (a little late for the children…) — but that doesn’t make the “*.org” national, any of the associated nonprofits or for-profit businesses associated national, or representative of all mothers in this condition. It’s a sales pitch, typical for that particular group of individuals (some organizations have been around longer than others), and I noticed the website is also TELLING us what to do — sample Tweets, what laws to promote — after all, it’s about dire situations, the words “National” “Coalition” have implications, and who could be against “safe parents” although, in the context, it seems that safe CHILDREN is more the focus.
Not posted here, but I did click on every logo listed (some, not for the first time) for the overview…IF you make a practice of looking up entities and finding (USA) what legal domicile (subsidiary to this country) each one IS or as it may be (and was for one of these) WAS registered in, per the IRS, this gives a point of comparison with the surface claims to be national, a true coalition, representing as many parents as it says it is, and, possibly why such an agenda. NationalSafeParents.org was being promoted (on Twitter), which doesn’t surprise me at all, by the non-entity (so far as I can tell), “National Family Violence Law Center,” which (click Donate to follow through) is in fact, George Washington University in Washington, D.C., ℅ Joan Meier. For now, it’s a non-entity.
This new (2022) website and the collection (“coalition”) of logos on it so far (two more were just added) deserves a separate post. I already Tweeted out a quick Buyer Beware, however.
Though I’ve been saying these things for years, it seems my posts are timely, and I’m glad to have them to point to, and classic examples of exactly what I’m protesting. How timely! (“More later…”) I tweeted out an alert. //LGH Feb. 2, 2022.
Unfortunately, many government websites facing the consumers (i.e., us) within the USA don’t mention that our country doesn’t do “national” nonprofits or corporations. Many government websites also inconsistently “mix-and-match” terminology discouraging public identification of what types of organizations (or non-entities, i.e., projects perhaps of some other organization) are meant.
This post leads you to and guides through** how a recent U.S. Treasury CAFR report defines “entity.” (and, much more…). That section is in the bottom part of this post (below a clear separator):
**by specifying which parts, linking and quoting or summarizing the U.S. Treasury’s explanation of, at this point, the difference in usage between “entity” and “agency” in context (“entity” is a broader term) and listing so many of them by example as to get the concept. There are “entities” within “entities” in this case.
Something similar (but not identical) can happen within the nonprofit sphere; for example one Schedule attached to some IRS Forms 990 (for tax-exempt organizations which must file), is Schedule R — Related Organizations and Unrelated Businesses” and asking for these to be identified by categories:”Disregarded, Tax-exempt, Taxable as a partnership, or Taxable as a corporation or trust (Click and scroll down (or go straight to the bottom and scroll up, probably faster) through after Parts I-XII of any tax return (except abbreviated Forms 990EZ), through its “Schedules” to Schedule R and read the sub-headings given. This example came up (BiPartisan Policy Center, Inc, FY2019 Tax Return; it’s mentioned below the section on CAFRs on this post).
(“What’s a CAFR?” Still unsure what that refers to?) Investopedia summarizes, but I disagree (extremely) based on having read enough CAFRs, with one of its summary statements — governments aren’t into hoarding assets. Oh, really? I certainly agree with this (second paragraph) — “shouldn’t we be making sure they’re making good use of our money?” and other parts explaining who files CAFRs, and that their MD&A section (and notes) are “important analysis tools.”
“Navigating Government and Nonprofit Financials,” by Jonas Elmerajji, Updated July 27, 2021, Reviewed by Andy Smith).
Governments and nonprofits take our tax and contribution money to provide valuable services—shouldn’t we be making sure that they’re making good use of our money?
…Governmental Reporting
Each year, every governmental organization in the U.S. and Canada puts out a Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR). While the formats and contents can vary, these reports present the financial statements of the governmental entity, as well as important analysis tools like the management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A) and the notes to the financial statements. CAFRs are done according to GAAP and Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) regulations. (See also: What You Need To Know About Financial Statements and Footnotes: Start Reading The Fine Print.)
Too bad one sentence refers to governmental “organizations” and the next, “governmental entity.” I think the phrase should be “government entity.” It’s either government, or it’s not. If it’s “government” that’s not “governmental” — “sort of” government. Investopedia articles are intended for a general understanding..
CAFRs often present financial information for individual funds (or at least significant funds) as well as governmentwide financial statements that show the position of the government as a whole…. The MD&A is a very useful portion of the CAFR that gives quite a bit of insight into the decisions made by your government’s decision makers. Typically, the MD&A has quite a bit more content than the managerial discussions found in the annual reports of business organizations.
Besides entities called “National” , there are also many “Centers, Initiatives, (etc.)” within registered entities (within governments and, often, universities, or at times, within some other non-profit entity) which aren’t “entities” (‘things,” or distinctly separate from where they are “housed”) at all, but those behind them and involved want the rest of us to think they are. Many times I’ll find out simply looking for the entity and finding there was (or is) none — the name or label refers instead to some project of another organization (or, government unit).
In the United States, such labeling — “National [ABC] for/on [Cause XYZ]” isn’t illegal, just mis-leading and deceptive. It ought to be a ‘red flag’ every single time you see it, unless referring to the federal government itself. It’s a ruse… It’s mimicry — it’s evidence of (someone’s) posing like something it is not. This word “National” serves to help undeserving entities or non-entities (small or large, powerfully connected or not at all powerfully connected) encroach on other turf, like an invasive species, until the original ones are crowded out, or suppressed JUST enough to keep feeding the parasites. The “turf” it’s encroaching on is representative government as designated by not just local state constitutions (as to the USA), but under the national one also. It’s an attempt at nationalizing things which belong under state, NOT national, control.
Because it’s so easy and now commonplace to replicate, ‘clone” or just set up nonprofits, it’s become logistically impossible to track all of them without extreme specialization. However, they do tend to organize around the “host” functions of governments and can be seen mimicking and feeding off such government sources.
This post begins listing some of my prior published posts naming a series of non-profit entities (mostly) which call themselves National and how they collaborate to form the background, kind of “shadow” government while maintaining private tax-exempt status making their (collective) influence/s harder to discern, and the money much harder to follow.
Some of these are so confident about themselves they self-selected into “The Big Seven“: Wikipedia lists them but says little about them.
I blogged them in July, 2017, (a major deep-dive drill-down on several). That post is a good background for this one; background information includes display of many images — both the entities’ self-descriptions, and annotated/captioned screenshots of tax returns. That my blog was so close to top of the Google search results on this phrase might tell you it’s not discussed often enough.
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‘Cyanocitta Cristata’* | Blue Jays and Other Resourceful, Smart, Related Species and Their Habitats: (About my Gravatar Image) [ ‘exported’ from LGH Front Page, published Sept. 8, 2019].
New Post, Previously Assembled material, except part of the lead-in. As it says, shortening and taken from my January 2018 Front Page, which is undergoing a massive edit Labor Day Weekend (USA) and shortly thereafter (Sept. 2-4, so far, 2019). Other than a quick read-through for any incomplete sentences and adjusting a phrase (or paragraph break) or too, it’s basically as-written.
It used to be at the very bottom of my Front Page. I figure many people never got that far. It’s an easy read..No math challenges or fine print involved….
//LGH Sept. 8, 2019
THIS POST IS:
“Blue jays will attack humans if they get too close to their nesting area.”
‘Cyanocitta Cristata’ | Blue Jays and Other Resourceful, Smart, Related Species and Their Habitats: (About my Gravatar Image) [ ‘exported’ from LGH Front Page, published Sept. 8, 2019]. (short-link ends “–aXL” and as exported and published under 2,500 words). * Originally published missing a syllable (“Cy-an-o”), the letter “o.” Corrected Oct. 11, 2019 in all occurrences, I think, on blog, incl. the tag. “mea culpa.” //LGH.
About the Gravatar Image of a Flying Blue Jay.
Its basic image to me is “flight” but I also consider the blue jay, crow and raven (below) for some other admirable qualities which I feel people, especially women and mothers, already have, continue to need and often demonstrate in dealing with the many systems intended to continue ensnaring us in forms of abusive control AFTER we declared “No Excuse!” by filing for protection, and temporarily obtaining SOME….
Nothing too deep — it just helps me to consider the survival qualities of species common to North America.
For example, attempts to wipe out crows were made (and attempts to wipe out independent-minded mothers raising children without a resident controlling man — or “the state” instead of him — calling the shots, making major decisions, and substituting for our own good judgment and common sense, the “state” official policy towards our kind). Meaning, mothers who don’t get or stay married to the fathers of their children and aren’t apologetic about it, either. Moms who still believe they have a right to fight for what’s best for themselves and their children and no innate duty to submit to further degradation, abuse, or domination by people who don’t see what we see, haven’t experienced what we have, and may not comprehend when “NO!” means “NO!”
Businesses like birds also flourish in certain habitats and adapt to others. Sometimes they are invasive, marauding species too.
The professions, as an “economic habitat” attract certain fauna and flora. The problem isn’t just the critters, it’s also the habitat.
And as to these, where the public contributes is through public institutions that WE FUND UP FRONT and ONGOING.
IN GENERAL, THIS GETS DOWN TO…
HOW WELL DO YOU UNDERSTAND AT LEAST STATE (but ALSO COUNTY and ALSO FEDERAL) GOVERNMENT ENTITY FINANCING AND ORGANIZATION?
HOW WELL DO YOU UNDERSTAND HOW TO GAIN AN UNDERSTANDING APART FROM THE PROPAGANDA MACHINES, OR THE EXCLUSIVE PORTRAYAL FOCUSED ON POLITICAL PARTIES?
Those are aspects I had to address in my own life, and make up for the information gap. While learning myself, I also posted.
IF I HAD KNOWN about the federal incentives, dating back a few decades, to set up and follow through with the “family court fiasco” post-domestic violence, and the aggressive, consistent attempts to saturate professional journals with minimization of it (when not running media campaigns ABOUT it omitting the same government agencies funding fathers’ rights movements specifically mandated — it’s in their original documents — to counter a perceived “maternal” bias in social services and in the family courts — I would have made even fewer compromises. NOT KNOWING THIS prevents women from bonding around it.
That is also why I felt it necessary to post on the “Broken Courts, Flawed Practices” nonprofits, some from Northern California, (since 1999, 2006, respectively) on the “Battered Mothers’ Custody Conference” (since 2003) (and its adherents and regular presenters) and in the methods used to continually find new “poster child” cases to “throw under the bus” for more publicity to further the “technical consulting and training” conferences, webinars, and speaker resumes of the field.
This is, again, theater — it’s there for a reason, and that reason is NOT the ones stated on the front pages. The theater is there to derail viewers from the bedrock realities of the system, lest they mutually organize to do something effective about it. It is there to perpetuate the abuse systems, while “tweaking” and adjusting them slightly back towards “fair” — for which of course, SOMEONE has to train and sell publications.
IN CASE readers are wondering why I am adamant about certain things, and ready not to just “survive through compromise” but dismantling any system which tolerates ram-rodding decent parents into as deep a hole as possible, and which doesn’t abide by its own definitions of the legal process, or justice, or anything approaching — to put it crudely and personified, “tear ’em a new one…”
It’s because I know experientially that compromise on the basic principles of life and relationships does NOT have a good ending.
The result is further compromise, followed by yet more, and yet more, and degradation of the neighborhood, while clearing the overall habit for increasing levels of built-in criminality. This doesn’t mean all are criminal, but those who are find great places to roost, and those who aren’t, don’t have, apparently, the integrity or ability to flush them out — which would also destroy their own habitats and incomes. I am talking about the penchant to refer-out to “community services” things that deserve a track record, and protection of due process. In order to get rid of that, a whole different set of “courts” were created.
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Assembling the Pieces: [1] AFCC 54th Annual Conference (2017)’s Diamond (Top) Sponsor “Avirat” (2001 MN, later -2015- in UK, product “OurFamilyWizard™”) found promoting [2] “Family Works, Inc.” (last found registered in Oregon, running “ParentingWisely™”) which probably profits ℅ royalties from [3] “Center For Divorce Education, Inc.” (Ohio Legal Domiciled Nonprofit at the same Ashland, Oregon, address, under same CEO, running “Children In Between™”) which takes Court-Ordered Parent Education Business (Out-of-State + Spanish-Speaking Parents) from [4] Cuyahoga County Ohio’s Domestic Relations Court’s “Special Circumstances, Rule 34” (1994ff).
Assembling the Pieces: [1] AFCC Conference Diamond (top) Sponsor “Avirat” (2001 MN, later in UK, product “OurFamilyWizard(™)”) found promoting [2] “Family Works, Inc.” (last found registered in Oregon, running “ParentingWisely(™)”) which probably profits ℅ royalties from [3] “Center For Divorce Education, Inc.” (Ohio Legal Domiciled Nonprofit at the same Ashland, Oregon, address, under same CEO, running “Children In Between(™) “) which takes (for Out-of-State + Spanish-Speaking Parents) Court-Ordered Parent Education Business from [4] Cuyahoga County, Ohio’s Domestic Relations Court’s “Special Circumstances, Rule 34” (1994ff). (Short-link ends “-9lB” and the middle character is a small “L” not the number “1”) This link and full title will be posted again further below. Post as published is just under 12,000 words.
(How do you think I keep my own posts straight after nine years and almost 800 of them — by total recall and three-word reminders or by placing as many clues in the title as possible to the contents resulting in outrageously long, but memorable [to me!] titles?)
Dec.12 post: https://wp.me/psBXH-9ld (scroll or page down to middle for section with colorful images on OurFamilyWizard® & AFCC’s 54th Annual (2017) Conference in Boston); Dec. 8 post: https://wp.me/psBXH-8HX
Don’t shoot the messenger. I didn’t make this mess. I’m just untangling and translating some of it.
See nearby image: My last two posts have background on this (mess) and explain why I haven’t dropped the topic yet. (Red Flag for RICO situations evident as well as a prime example of classic court-connected programming). If these two posts aren’t still showing under the widget to the right (i.e., if you’re reading this post months later, knocking them off the “Last Few [10] Posts” list), to access those two posts easily, use this blog’s “Archives” (calendar widget near top right): set it to December, 2018, and click on Dec. 11 or 7, which display on the calendar as having links. The “Most Recent Posts” widget displays dates automatically; Archives links to them automatically;I don’t know why they are one day off from each other. You can also use the links I added to the nearby image caption.
The first of these two, ‘A Substantial Background Check and History,” (posted separately Dec. 12 but written almost a year earlier and originally published then on my extensive Front (Home) Page) has a section on “Avirat” and court-mandated consumption of its digital-platform product (OFW).
The second post shown in nearby image, “The Public/Private Nor-For-Profit/For Profit…” (posted Dec. 8) focuses on the nonprofit “Center for Divorce Education” (“CDE”) as related to the presumably for-profit (NOT tax-exempt) “Family Works, Inc.” (“FWI”) being also at the same Oregon address In this dynamic duo, the nonprofit is legal-domicile Ohio and the other one, at this point, I can’t say in what form or where it still exists…).{{**}}
{{**Later, I found it (?) back in Ohio.. Searchable at the Secretary of State Business Search website}}. Its single incorporator (Don A. Gordon) and the only filings shown are: 1997, 1999, and again in April, 2018, then June 2018. I knew Ohio didn’t require annual filings — but only once every about twenty years??) Typo in Entity # corrected. Correct Entity# is “975105,” it formerly displayed “971505 .” I realize the slideshow (image gallery) format is sometimes hard to see details on, which is why I’ve also provided a link so people may repeat the search on-line themselves from the Secretary of State website, and view whichever pdf images are also available there (recommended!).//LGH Image gallery added Jan. 14; typo in FWI Ohio Business ID or Entity# corrected Jan. 16, 2019 }}
To know whether or even approximately how much revenues stream through CDE through court-mandated referrals (in many different states) to FWI, or separately to FWI directly OR through nonprofits supported by social services federal grants, or federal grants to states, one would have to also find some of those government entities accounting trail that handles those types of grants or that type of programming.
In this post, while I just picked one of many county entities that CDE apparently counts on for its business, I couldn’t even find that county’s CAFRs (comprehensive annual financial report), although the county website freely admits it’s obligated to produce them and submit to a higher authority (the “GFOA.”). It doesn’t admit, in the same paragraphs, that the public might deserve access to these or have an interest in reading them.. It sounds to me, then, that generally speaking, this topic tends to on closer look, run through a leaky circuitry whose overseers are less than interested in talking about such leaks, or plugging them, or that the public should even be aware such leaks may characterize the system overall.
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What does Custody-Switching REALLY have to do with Unsound Psychological Theory? (Not much, actually)
BLOGGER note: I determined to start posting “fast and furious” which may mean, less developmentally edited. So, you may see in this one what a copyeditor or developmental editor would clearly mark as two or three different “starts” to the post. That is indeed what happened. You may also notice not completely consistent styles for quotes (though I tried to mark off the different sections). I am sacrificing these technical issues for quantity of publication on material already looked up. I may (or, may not) come back and clean it up, add a full list of “tags.” I often tweak published posts when possible (out of desire to avoid humiliation if nothing else, at the format, or wording). BUT, this is still good material, so out it goes. Also — thanks to some recent paypal contributions through my Donate Button, much appreciated. They are rare, generally speaking….and to reiterate, I am not a 501©3.
FYI, I am also in significantly pressured litigation involving my immediate future (I’ll leave it at that description). I just came from ANOTHER (local) court venue yesterday, and now have another level of understanding of what “theater” means. I had the facts, I even complied with the rules of court; the plaintiff didn’t have a cause of action, proven standing, the lawsuit was obviously retaliatory for exercising known rights, and I was up “pro se” and under conditions of ridiculous duress (documented in my Answer) against two lawyers, ONE of who I learned in this process was a frequent-flyer in this jurisdiction and after a “rout” (which was clearly expected) expressed (his) real feelings about women like me, and about the class I represented in the present case. A reference to the Salem witch trials (process of trying the witches) was made. The other one (the real motive behind the lawsuit and not the “fake plaintiff” labeling), being much younger, represents literally decades more of this self-assured crooked behavior being financially rewarded without objection from anyone wearing a black robe.
On the bright side, I heard (though haven’t seen the print yet) that Sandra Grazzini-Rucki was just released from jail. Not from having to face a felony trial in the near future — but at least she’s been de-incarcerated. GOOD.
This post highlights the a footnoted portion of a recent post, published January 23: 2016 More Business As Usual in MN? (Criminalizing, Terrorizing, Jailing Mothers) which picked up on some passing language in a related Carver County Corruption post which, unfortunately (in my opinion) was circulated, it says, to 150 legislators.
Please take into consideration the next few paragraphs.
I know they may have long sentences and what may appear to be “far-off” topics. However, you are hearing from an individual (myself) who has been studying and writing on this for SIX YEARS now, diligently, while also, experientially, dealing long-term with many of the institutions and issues involved over time: domestic violence, family courts, custody/visitation / child support issues, overnight switch of care-taking parent, abrupt cutoff of contact with one’s own children, corollary (and predictable) impoverishment through ongoing court litigation, stress (off the charts, throughout), forced dealings with social service organizations, familiarity with the wild-goose-chase of 800#s people approaching any public institution for help tend to get, usually coming up empty where actual help is concerned.
I’ll bet several of those legislators, know a lot more about why custody-switching takes place (and under which programs) than the well-intentioned authors. There is no bliss, nor do I see any purpose, in continuing to ignore how power is consolidated in and around government in an urgent focus to obtain press coverage of specific, local, or even county or state-level policies. As a country, we have been (I eventually learned) at least 100 years, ALL of us (all citizens, all taxpayers, and most residents, citizens or not) living and functioning in a land where public/private partnerships are the political clout. Public signifying “Government Entity” and Private signifying “NOT government entity.” I did not always know this — I deduced it after about a year of delving into the realm of non-profit organizations strategically coordinated to co-opt the judicial process.
The Private “NOT government entity” functions in both tax-paying (corporate) and NOT tax-paying (corporate) forms. I’m over-simplifying that, obviously (government entities pay FICA, social security, etc. — but they do NOT pay the corporate taxes because, as entities, because they themselves are receiving payments collected by the IRS or (depending on the level of government, if federal, state, local, special district, or multi-district, i.e., Joint Powers Authority, etc.)
Legislators, already by definition in positions of power, are more likely to be aware how financial power circulates among from public (federal to state to county, or metro regions or “joint power authorities” etc.) to, and in combination with private (for-profit/nonprofit corporations and associations) and in and through academic centers at universities, and all that ….. The University of Minnesota is, I hear, the 9th largest research institution in the nation and is essentially part of government.
As to domestic violence issues, a center at its School of Social Welfare called “Institute on Domestic Violence in the African American Community” has several people on its steering committee, including Oliver Williams, PhD (who has published alongside Jeffrey Edleson, PhD** who has moved from UMN to UCBerkeley, where he is Dean of School of Social Welfare) as well as Johnny Rice II, M.S.,
Minnesotans, Did You Know About IDVAAC and MNCAVA? And, “the Jeffrey Edleson” Connection, how Men’s Groups & Father’s Rights (federally supported) Continue to Influence DV Policy? And how, separately, the Duluth-based nonprofit (cf. Ellen Pence) “DAIP” fits in?
IDVAAC is a key — but so far as I can tell, unincorporated website and collection of networked professionals, at UMinn School of Social Welfare; an example of coordinated control of national social policy from “centers” or “institutes” within academia.
But that’s another topic — coming soon…..
- Attributing PAS Theory as a CAUSE in Custody-Switching:Should We Focus on the Individuals (Judges + Psychologists), or Perhaps Court-Connected Corporations [especially 501(c)3s] + Their Networks, Initiatives, and Projects?
- Why Focus on Individual Judges + Psychologists, instead of their Networks of Court-Connected 501(c)3s + Favorite Initiatives, Projects, and Purposes?
The absurdly long titles are the same rhetorical question I’ve been asking for years, and already know where I stand on it. As most people go with the other choice (focus on individual performers in the family court system), I’ve had a lot of free, not-socializing time to keep investigating the networks, in a public-access, free (except for time invested!) way, and continue to learn about some of the key players. The patterns are easy to see, but not of course, if you never, EVER, go through a few basic look-ups to start to see some of the evidence revealing those patterns.
For one, the systems are not designed so as to be easily viewable by ANYONE struggling with a current case, or by tax-payers, because they involved corporations. Tax-exempt, and able to take both private and public donations, and as corporations, not as restricted to local political (state/county/municipal, metro, etc.) jurisdictions as are the specific courts themselves. But, heck, it’s not as though they are 100% leaving no footprint, or linguistic similarities to identify themselves.
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Let's Get Honest! Absolutely Uncommon Analysis of Family & Conciliation Courts' Operations, Practices, & History 